South Africa is confronting an urgent challenge concerning its most vulnerable citizens: young children. The latest Child Gauge report from the University of Cape Town’s Children’s Institute paints a troubling picture of early childhood care and education.
The report highlights critical issues including chronic underfunding, increasing poverty and severe gaps in health and learning services. Alarmingly, nearly one in five infants has not received full immunisations by their first birthday; one in six children living in poverty is not benefiting from child support; and only two-thirds of children aged 3 to 5 are enrolled in early learning programmes.
The lack of adequate funding and the rising child poverty rate severely impact the foundations needed for children’s future well-being and development.
Practical support for parents and teachers
Despite these systemic challenges, Ursula Assis, country director of Dibber International Preschools, offers practical advice for parents and teachers aiming to support young children.
“While we must address these issues at a national level, parents, caregivers and educators can still create secure and nurturing environments that support children’s growth.”
Tips for parents at home
She encourages parents to establish consistent routines that foster stability. “Routines give children a sense of control, which helps reduce anxiety,” she says. Simple daily rituals like shared mealtimes, reading together or a consistent bedtime can help children feel safe and emotionally connected to their families.
For families facing financial challenges, Assis suggests turning everyday tasks into educational experiences. Activities such as cooking together, sorting items by colour or gardening can become valuable opportunities for learning. “These simple tasks support early cognitive development while boosting confidence and creativity,” she adds.
Creating supportive classrooms
Teachers play a crucial role in nurturing young learners. Assis advises educators to create safe and inclusive environments where children feel respected and valued. “Classrooms that promote community, respect and co-operation encourage children to engage and explore with confidence,” she notes.
Implementing play-based learning can enhance problem-solving skills and social interaction, laying a strong educational foundation.
Recognising and addressing children’s emotional needs is equally important. Assis emphasises the need for teachers and parents to be aware of emotional cues, especially in children experiencing stress from poverty or family difficulties. “Helping children identify and express their feelings in a healthy way is essential,” she says. Supportive activities like storytelling, drawing or having comforting conversations can help children process their emotions and feel understood.
Nutrition as a learning opportunity
Assis also underscores the importance of nutrition, particularly in communities facing food insecurity. “Meal and snack times are not just about nourishment; they also present opportunities for learning and building a sense of community,” she explains. Sharing meals and discussing healthy eating habits can teach children about the importance of nourishment while fostering a sense of connection.
A call for hope and collective action
While South Africa faces significant obstacles in early childhood development, Assis remains optimistic. “The combined efforts of parents and teachers can have a powerful impact on young children’s lives. Together, we can help our youngest generation thrive, one small act of support at a time.”
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